Isolement et caractérisation partielle des nématodes phytopathogènes du gingembre (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) dans la Région d’Alaotra Mangoro, Madagascar.

HARISOA ROJOMITIA Sandie Olaf, ANDRIAMIARISOA Lovaniana Dinanirina,RAZAFINDRAKOTO Malalatiana, RAHETLAH Volatsara Baholy

In Madagascar, ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), produces an exceptional quality essential oil that can be sold in international markets. Despite this potential, growers in the Alaotra Mangoro Region are facing significant decrease of yields and crop quality over five growing seasons. A comprehensive field was conducted among key stakeholders within the Alaotra Mangoro Region and soil and plant samples from ginger cropping fields were taken. Typical symptoms indicating plant parasitic nematode attack causing rotting followed by death of the plant were observed. Isolation from soil and plant samples revealed the presence of plant parasitic nematods belonging to the following genders: Helicotylenchus spp., Xiphinema spp., Tylenchus spp. and Meloidogyne spp. Identification of pathogenic agents is essential for establishing an effective control strategy.

Key-words: Alaotra Mangoro, exportation, gall, ginger, plant parasitic nematod, rotting

20/03/2025

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Evaluation de l’état actuel de la sécurité alimentaire dans le Grand Sud de Madagascar.

RABENANDRASANA Hus Alpha Jacquis, RASOARAHONA Felamboahangy Henintsoa, RAOLISOA Ianja, RASOARAHONA Jean

Using an approach based on the compilation of various sources of secondary data on physical and economic access to and utilization of food, this article shows that in the Grand Sud of Madagascar, the current state of food security is marked by a worrying trend. This situation is partly the result of various factors, including unfavorable agro-climatic conditions, the reflection of widespread poverty, social insecurity disrupting agricultural and pastoral livelihoods, and the precariousness of basic community infrastructures. Harvest periods provide some households with ephemeral food security thanks to lower food prices. However, they do not allow them to build up solid reserves to meet the challenges of the lean season. Despite the challenges, there are opportunities to strengthen food security and population resilience, notably by extending the dissemination of agricultural practices adapted to existing environmental contexts, and by capitalizing on global initiatives led by various organizations engaged in sustainable and resilient farming projects in the area, while responding to the multiple threats that compromise the production systems of local farmers.

Key-words: Food security, Malnutrition, Vulnerability, Seasons, Drought, Southern Madagascar, Livelihoods

27/02/2025